NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL

Neuromuscular control can be defined as the unconscious muscular response to a signal related to the "dynamic stability" of one or more joints. The collection of neurological messages (sometimes referred to as "muscle memory") is a complex integrated system that connects various aspects of muscle actions (static, dynamic, reactive), coordination, stabilization, posture, and balance. Given its specific support function, the primary subject conditioned by the activity of this system is the musculoskeletal system, namely the lower extremities of our body.

Any injury that interrupts mechanoreceptors, alters normal sensory input, or interferes with the processing of sensory information can lead to a disruption of neuromuscular control (referred to in such cases as reduced or dysfunctional). Consequently, alterations in the neuromuscular system often cause anomalies in dynamic joint stability and postural control. Impairments in neuromuscular control can also modify movement patterns and increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. These injuries, by disrupting interactions within the neuromuscular system, can, in turn, be a cause of altered neuromuscular control. Understanding the mechanisms of neuromuscular control and how any alterations manifest is crucial for designing effective rehabilitation and training programs.

Neuromuscular exercise has effects on functional performance, biomechanics, and muscle activation patterns of the surrounding joint musculature. In the case of a joint being immobilized due to trauma, restoring normal functionality alone is not sufficient for recovery; it is necessary to also train the associated neuromuscular control mechanism required during daily life and specific sports activities.

In rehabilitative protocols aimed at restoring damage to neuromuscular control, OptoJump and Gyko can be used as measurement tools to analyze variations over time in static and dynamic posture.

The use of WITTY SEM, as well as BrainHQ, can enhance the success of training protocols. The ability to display various stimuli and position the traffic lights freely in space, along with the administration of specific cognitive loads, allows for the execution of tests that simultaneously train proprioception and cognitive abilitie